 | Fracking : The Operations and Environmental Consequences of Hydraulic Fracturing This book explores the history, techniques, and materials used in the practice of induced hydraulic fracturing, one of today's hottest topics, for the production of natural gas, while examining the environmental and economic impact. You can't squeeze blood from a turnip, but you can release trapped natural gas from rock. At least that is what is being accomplished now throughout North America. Natural gas that is primarily methane has been proven to be an excellent fuel source. It can be safely burned to create heat to power engines, boilers in factories and homes as well as powering turbines for generating electricity. Projections on natural gas volumes trapped underground suggest a nearly inexhaustible supply of this product. Yet with such abundance comes controversy. A popular and economical technique relies on the gas from subterranean sources and requires fracturing rock bed. This process is actually carried out naturally every day with water or magma. Magma may flow into rock beds superheating water to generate steam. The resulting pressure of the expanding water molecules can be so great, it can lift and separate thousands of tons of rock deep beneath the Earth's surface. This same practice can be carried out artificially (induced) using high-powered pumps and various liquid compounds. This technique combined with new horizontal directional drilling machines have enabled the harvest and distribution of natural gas. But at what cost? Does this practice contribute to greenhouse gas? Does it create earthquakes? Does it contaminate the groundwater supply? These are important issues surrounding hydraulic fracturing, and they are covered here in detail. Michael D. Holloway's background includes organic and polymer synthesis as well as lab to pilot scale material manufacturing for Olin Chemical, military and aerospace product development for Parker-Hannifin, product engineering for Rohm & Haas / Dow Electronic Chemicals, technical marketing and application engineering for GE Plastics, product management for Graco, and most currently as director of reliability and technical development for NCH Corporation. He has served as a contributing writer for Manufacturing.net, Assembly magazine , Plant Services magazine, and Lubrication and Fluid Power magazine. He holds a BA in philosophy and a BS in chemistry from Salve Regina University and an MS in polymer engineering from the University of Massachusetts. He is a master black belt trained in Six Sigma, served as an adjunct professor at the University of North Texas, and was managing editor for Porsche Club of America's magazine, Slipstream . Oliver Rudd has twenty years of environmental experience centered on the petroleum industry. He graduated from the University of Houston with degrees in environmental science and English and is known in the environmental sector of the petroleum industry for his level-headed guidance in providing logically sound, honest feedback in tough situations. Rudd began his career working as a fluid engineer in international drilling operations, and his environmental experience continued in the petroleum industry with positions ranging from environmental field technician to senior project manager overseeing all levels of comprehensive site investigations. |
